Consider the table.
Types of Bacteria
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
\hline Form & Shape & Associated disease \\
\hline Coccus & X & Strep throat \\
\hline Bacillus & Rod shaped & Y \\
\hline Spirillum & Spiral & Cholera \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
Which best describes $X$ and $Y$?
A. $X=$ Spherical; $Y=E$. coli
B. $X =$ Comma shaped; $Y =$ Whooping cough
C. $X=$ Oval shaped; $Y=S$. aureus
D. $X=$ Rod shaped; $Y=$ Pneumonia
Answer (2)
Coccus bacteria are spherical shaped and cause Strep throat.
Bacillus bacteria are rod shaped and cause disease Y.
Spirillum bacteria are spiral shaped and cause Cholera.
The correct option is X = Spherical; Y = E . coli, which matches the known characteristics of these bacteria.
X = Spherical ; Y = E . coli
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are given a table describing types of bacteria based on their form, shape, and associated disease. We need to determine the shape of Coccus bacteria (X) and the disease associated with Bacillus bacteria (Y).
Analyzing the Table The table provides the following information:
Coccus bacteria have shape X and cause Strep throat.
Bacillus bacteria are rod shaped and cause disease Y.
Spirillum bacteria are spiral shaped and cause Cholera.
Identifying the Goal We are given four options for X and Y. We need to choose the option that correctly identifies the shape of Coccus bacteria and the disease associated with Bacillus bacteria.
Evaluating the Options Let's examine the options:
X = Spherical; Y = E . coli
X = Comma shaped; Y = Whooping cough
X = Oval shaped; Y = S . aureus
X = Rod shaped; Y = Pneumonia
Determining X and Y Coccus bacteria are known to be spherical in shape. Therefore, X should be Spherical. Bacillus bacteria are associated with E . coli. Therefore, Y should be E . coli.
Selecting the Correct Option The option that matches our findings is: X = Spherical; Y = E . coli
Final Answer Therefore, the best description for X and Y is: X = Spherical; Y = E . coli
Examples
Understanding the characteristics of different bacteria is crucial in medicine and biology. For example, identifying the shape and associated diseases of bacteria helps in diagnosing infections and developing appropriate treatments. Knowing that Coccus bacteria are spherical and can cause strep throat, while Bacillus bacteria are rod-shaped and can be associated with E. coli infections, allows medical professionals to quickly narrow down potential causes of illness and administer targeted therapies. This knowledge is also fundamental in research for developing new antibiotics and understanding bacterial resistance mechanisms.
The correct answer for X and Y is option A: X = Spherical; $Y=E. coli. This is because Coccus bacteria are spherical and Bacillus bacteria can be linked to E. coli. Therefore, option A accurately reflects the characteristics of these bacteria.
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