A. Identification: Directions: Fill in the blanks and choose the term inside the box with the correct term to complete the statements. Write your answers before the number. (15 items)
Terms: Digestion, Liver, Ulcer, Villi, Amylase, Stomach, Esophagus, Absorption, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Mechanical digestion, Duodenum, Constipation, Peristalsis, Large Intestine
1. The process of breaking down food into smaller pieces.
2. A long, muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
3. The organ that produces bile.
4. Type of digestion that involves chewing and grinding.
5. The enzyme found in saliva that starts starch digestion.
6. Tube-like structure where water is absorbed and waste is formed.
7. The process of taking nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream.
8. A disease caused by acid attacking the stomach lining.
9. A muscular organ where food is mixed with gastric juices.
10. Finger-like projections in the small intestine for nutrient absorption.
11. Organ that stores bile.
12. Organ that secretes insulin and digestive enzymes.
13. The first part of the small intestine.
14. Digestive disorder caused by irregular bowel movements.
15. Involuntary wave-like muscle movements that push food forward.
B. Multiple Choice: Directions: Choose the correct answer. Write only the letter of the correct answer. (8 items)
1. Which of the following best describes mechanical digestion?
A. absorbs nutrients
B. occurs only in the stomach
C. physical breakdown like chewing
D. involves enzymes breaking down food
2. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for most nutrient absorption?
A. stomach
B. esophagus
C. small intestine
D. large intestine
3. Which organ produces enzymes for digestion and regulates blood sugar?
A. Gallbladder
B. Pancreas
C. Stomach
D. Liver
4. What is the function of bile?
A. Absorbs water
B. Emulsifies fats
C. Produces insulin
D. Breaks down starch
5. Which digestive disease is often caused by a lack of fiber?
A. Ulcer
B. Diabetes
C. Heartburn
D. Constipation
6. Where does chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin?
A. Liver
B. Mouth
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine
7. Which is a preventive measure for food poisoning?
A. Eating spoiled food
B. Ignoring expiration dates
C. Washing hands and food properly
D. Not drinking water
8. Which organ secretes hydrochloric acid?
A. Stomach
B. Pancreas
C. large intestine
D. small intestine
Answer (2)
This response covers the identification and multiple-choice questions related to the human digestive system. It includes terms such as 'esophagus', 'small intestine', and 'liver', while answering multiple-choice questions about digestion processes and organ functions. Understanding these concepts is crucial for a comprehensive view of how digestion works in the human body.
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A. Identification:
Digestion : The process of breaking down food into smaller pieces.
Esophagus : A long, muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Liver : The organ that produces bile.
Mechanical digestion : Type of digestion that involves chewing and grinding.
Amylase : The enzyme found in saliva that starts starch digestion.
Large Intestine : Tube-like structure where water is absorbed and waste is formed.
Absorption : The process of taking nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream.
Ulcer : A disease caused by acid attacking the stomach lining.
Stomach : A muscular organ where food is mixed with gastric juices.
Villi : Finger-like projections in the small intestine for nutrient absorption.
Gallbladder : Organ that stores bile.
Pancreas : Organ that secretes insulin and digestive enzymes.
Duodenum : The first part of the small intestine.
Constipation : Digestive disorder caused by irregular bowel movements.
Peristalsis : Involuntary wave-like muscle movements that push food forward.
B. Multiple Choice:
C. Physical breakdown like chewing best describes mechanical digestion because it involves the use of physical actions to break down food into smaller pieces without altering their chemical structure.
C. Small intestine is responsible for most nutrient absorption because it has a lining covered with villi that increase the surface area to maximize nutrient uptake.
B. The Pancreas produces enzymes for digestion, such as lipase and amylase, and regulates blood sugar by secreting insulin.
B. The function of bile is to emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets that enzymes can digest more effectively.
D. Constipation is often caused by a lack of fiber, which is necessary to keep the digestive system flowing smoothly.
B. Chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth where the enzyme amylase in saliva starts breaking down starches.
C. Washing hands and food properly is a preventive measure for food poisoning as it helps remove bacteria and other pathogens that can cause illness.
A. Stomach : The organ that secretes hydrochloric acid, which aids in digestion by creating an acidic environment.
