Which type of load consists of sand and gravel transported along the bottom of the channel? (A) Suspended load (B) Dissolved load (C) Bed load (D) Mixed load
Answer (1)
The correct answer to the question is (C) Bed load.
In the context of geography and more specifically in the study of river processes, the term 'bed load' refers to particles like sand and gravel that are transported along the bottom of a river channel. Here's a deeper explanation:
What is Bed Load?
Bed load consists of sediments that are too heavy to be carried in the water column. These particles are instead rolled, slid, or bounced along the riverbed.
How is Bed Load Transported?
Transport of bed load occurs through processes such as traction and saltation. Traction involves larger particles rolling or sliding along the riverbed, while saltation refers to smaller particles hopping or bouncing along the bottom.
Why Does This Occur?
The movement and transport of bed load depend on the flow velocity of the river. When the river has sufficient energy, typically due to a steep gradient or high water flow, it can move larger sediments like sand and gravel.
Comparisons with Other Loads:
Suspended Load (A): These are smaller, lighter particles like silt and clay that remain in suspension within the water column due to turbulence.
Dissolved Load (B): This load consists of ions and soluble materials dissolved in the water.
Mixed Load (D): This is not a commonly used term in river processes. It might refer to a combination of different types of loads, but it's not specific.
Importance in River Dynamics:
The bed load plays a crucial role in shaping riverbeds and forming various features like bars and changes in channel paths over time. Understanding bed load transport is important for managing water resources and preventing erosion or sediment build-up.
