x 4 + 8 x 2 − 9 = x 4 − x 2 + 9 x 2 − 9 = x 2 ( x 2 − 1 ) + 9 ( x 2 − 1 ) = ( x 2 + 9 ) ( x 2 − 1 ) = ( x 2 + 9 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 )
To factor the polynomial x 4 + 8 x 2 − 9 , we substitute y = x 2 and factor the resulting quadratic. This leads to the expression ( x 2 + 9 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) . The complete factorization is thus ( x 2 + 9 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) .
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