By forming Joint Stock Companies.
A number of investors would pool their resources, and then sell stock in the form of bonds to other investors so as to raise the large sums of capital necessary for financing a colony.
The English financed their colonies after 1606 mainly by forming joint-stock companies, which allowed investors to pool resources and share risks. This innovative financial structure incentivized wealthy individuals to invest in colonial ventures with the potential for significant profits. The Virginia Company, for instance, was pivotal in funding the settlement of Jamestown in 1607, marking the beginning of permanent English settlement in America.
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